跳到内容(按回车键)
主要内容

流离失所的拉卡儿童从恐惧和压力中得到短暂喘息

2017-08-01

© UNICEF/UN070713/Souleiman

流离失所的男孩,手拿着两个水桶前往艾因伊萨难民营取水。

随着拉卡战争升级,超过20万人被迫逃离家园,而其中半数是儿童。

为了逃往安全地点,他们长途跋涉,路途艰险,沿途不仅佈满了地雷,还要躲避炮火和狙击手。艾因伊萨是他们的目的地之一,距离拉卡前綫50公里。

艾因伊萨难民营位于拉卡省东北部广阔的荒漠地区,四处尘土飞扬,很难想像还有比这裏的环境更艰苦险恶的地方。这裏高温炙烤,气温高达摄氏45度,漫天风沙,对这裏暂住的近3,000名儿童来说,简直难以忍受。

儿童经过数周跋涉,飢渴交加,抵达时已经精疲力尽,甚至严重脱水。只要你细心观察他们的面容和举止,便能感受到他们所经歷的苦难。他们的故事触动人心。有些儿童和母亲细说亲眼目睹家人惨遭杀害的场景,还有一些人则时刻担心自己远方家人的安危。

被迫长大

On 4 July 2017 in Ain Issa camp in the Syrian Arab Republic, displaced children from Raqqa leave a UNICEF child-friendly space which offers and a wide range of recreational activities. More than 6,600 people live in harsh desert conditions, as violence continues in the area. Since November 2016, unrelenting violence in the north eastern governorate of Raqqa has displaced over 200,000 people, almost half of whom are children. Intensified attacks have destroyed infrastructure and shattered civilian lives. Families are seeking safety in temporary shelters, with little access to basic services. In Ain Issa camp, UNICEF has set up six child-friendly spaces for learning and playing and is providing psychological support to more than 400 children to help them cope with the traumas they have faced and to regain a sense of structure and normality. In response to the needs of vulnerable families in the area, UNICEF is trucking in water daily to internally displaced people in camps in Raqqa and Hassakeh, including Maouka, Al-Hol and Ain Issa. UNICEF has installed latrines, showers and water storage tanks in the camps and is distributing family hygiene kits to protect children against waterborne diseases. Mobile health clinics have been set up to provide primary health care, including vaccinations for children and their mothers. Nutritional supplements are distributed on a regular basis.
©UNICEF/UN070718/Souleiman

流离失所的拉卡儿童离开艾因伊萨难民营里联合国儿童基金会(UNICEF)支持的「儿童友好家园」。

 

逃离拉卡的危险旅程往往持续数週。一些家庭付钱给人口贩运者,由他们带领沿着安全路线逃离,绕开市区外满是地雷的公路。

10岁的哈默德回忆一家人的逃生之路,他说:「我们早上五点就出发了。」「我们很害怕,但最终还是到达这裏。」三个星期以前,哈默德与家人抵达艾因伊萨难民营。

他说:「我当时还在上学,却不得不辍学。」他回忆所遭受的折磨时,眼裏流露恐惧感:「他们安装摄像镜头,无论任何时候,只要有人进入学校,他们就会开枪射击。」

我在UNICEF帐篷里接触的所有儿童,都有相似的可怕经歷,几乎无一例外。他们在拉卡目睹身边的朋友死亡、受伤害、与家人骨肉分离时,仍坚持下去,挣扎求存。聆听他们讲述自己经歷的暴力和伤害,可以明显感受到他们被迫长大。

战争破坏了8岁杜瓦的家园,他与家人一同逃离拉卡。途中杜瓦的哥哥与家人失散。杜瓦回忆说:「他们抓走我的哥哥。他的年龄比我大,他们抓走他,我现在都不知道他在哪里。哥哥很爱我,以前常常一起玩,但现在他却音讯全无。」

我在营地裏所见到的儿童,眼裏都表现惊慌、恐惧和迟疑。

获得短暂喘息

哈默德和杜瓦前往艾因伊萨难民营裏UNICEF支持的六个「儿童友好家园」中的其中一个。在营裏,两名辅导员带着他们做传统游戏、画画和唱歌。

杜瓦说:「我们非常喜欢布沙拉老师。」布沙拉老师是其中一名辅导员。她笑着补充说:「居住在拉卡时,我们什么都不能做。校长总是让我们穿黑色的衣服。这裏的人很好,他们给我们衣服和玩具。他们给我们任何需要的东西,还教我们如何做各种事情。」

On 4 July 2017 in Ain Issa camp in the Syrian Arab Republic, displaced children from Raqqa attend a UNICEF psychosocial support programme. More than 6,600 people live in harsh desert conditions, as violence continues in the area. Since November 2016, unrelenting violence in the north eastern governorate of Raqqa has displaced over 200,000 people, almost half of whom are children. Intensified attacks have destroyed infrastructure and shattered civilian lives. Families are seeking safety in temporary shelters, with little access to basic services. In Ain Issa camp, UNICEF has set up six child-friendly spaces for learning and playing and is providing psychological support to more than 400 children to help them cope with the traumas they have faced and to regain a sense of structure and normality. In response to the needs of vulnerable families in the area, UNICEF is trucking in water daily to internally displaced people in camps in Raqqa and Hassakeh, including Maouka, Al-Hol and Ain Issa. UNICEF has installed latrines, showers and water storage tanks in the camps and is distributing family hygiene kits to protect children against waterborne diseases. Mobile health clinics have been set up to provide primary health care, including vaccinations for children and their mothers. Nutritional supplements are distributed on a regular basis.
©UNICEF/UN070715/Souleiman

在叙利亚的艾因伊萨难民营里,流离失所的拉卡儿童参加UNICEF社交心理支援计划。

 

「儿童友好家园」给孩子重拾自己身份的机会。这裏为儿童提供社会心理辅导,帮助他们走出阴霾,並提供娱乐和学习用品,让他们能够继续学习。

儘管在拉卡的经歷不堪回首,我见到所有儿童都渴望上学。教育也是家长优先考虑的问题。有不熟悉这个新建「儿童友好家园」的母亲说:「我们需要一个孩子可以玩耍的地方。」「我们还需要学校。」

在艾因伊萨难民营裏,哈默德、杜瓦和许多其他儿童眼睛充满恐惧与绝望,令我心如刀割。然而,当我听到他们爽朗的笑声和声音,看着他们尽情地玩耍和唱歌时,我同样能感受到他们的希望与未来。

立即捐款,帮助灾难中的儿童